Goldberg Variations

Composed in 1741 and published during the composer’s lifetime, the Goldberg Variations BWV 988 by Johann Sebastian Bach are a true milestone in harpsichord music. This work comprises an aria followed by thirty variations, initially written for a two-manual harpsichord. The variations explore a wide range of styles and techniques, showcasing Bach’s mastery of counterpoint and thematic development.

According to legend, the piece was commissioned by Count Keyserling, who suffered from insomnia, and performed by his harpsichordist, Johann Goldberg, to soothe him during sleepless nights. Although the veracity of this anecdote is questioned, it adds a charming dimension to the work's history.

Each variation is a distinct world, ranging from lively dances to complex canons and virtuosic displays. The return to the serene aria at the end creates an extraordinary structural symmetry. The Goldberg Variations are a monumental achievement in Bach's oeuvre, valued for their technical brilliance and emotional depth, and they continue to inspire performers and audiences worldwide.

Fragment of the Goldberg Variations performed by Víkingur Ólafsson: